BACKGROUND: Bali is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Indonesia, with a huge number of hospitality and public venues to cater the domestic and international visitors. These venues are designated as smoke-free areas under the smoke-free law (SFL) adopted in all jurisdictions of Bali to protect from second-hand smoke exposures. This study aims to assess the compliance of the hospitality and public venues.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional conducted in all 9 cities/districts of Bali Province in 2023-2024. A total of 1.288 hospitality venues including, hotels, restaurants, shopping centers, public places; worship places and public transportation, entertainment places; cafes, night clubs, pubs/bars, and other public places were obtained through stratified simple random sampling and walking protocols for places with lists of unavailable places. Compliance with SFL was assessed based on 6 indicators: absence of smoking activities, cigarette butt, ashtray, smoking room, smell of cigarette, and presence of no smoking sign.
RESULTS: The overall compliance of the hospitality and public venues in Bali Province was 15.06%, which by cities/districts were ranging from 8.62% - 20.26%. Compliance by venue types was low ranging from 7.14% - 25.88%. Entertainment places showed the lowest compliance (7.14%), followed by hotels (13%) and restaurants (14.94%). From an overall combination of 3 evidence of smoking violation (67.78%), entertainment places (83.19%) showed the highest violation, followed by shopping centers (81.18%) and hotels (71.30%). Absence of no smoking sign (76.79%) was the highest violation, followed by presence of ashtrays (26.79%) and cigarette butts (22.28%) found in indoor areas.
CONCLUSIONS: Compliance to SFL of the hospitality and public venues in Bali Province was extremely low, which showed the lack of implementation and supervision of SFL practices. In addition, needs to improve SFL through budgeting and resources plans for enforcement and routine inspections, also build venue manager's commitment to the SFL implementation.