The aim of this study was to describe the association between passive smoking and the severity
of acute lower respiratory illnesses (ALRI) among 351 children aged 3-27 months admitted to hospital.
A total of 297 children provided hair samples, which were analysed for hair nicotine levels as an
indicator of passive smoking. A severity of illness grading system was developed by using clinical and
management criteria used by the medical staff at hospital. The OR for children with more severe illness being
exposed to higher nicotine levels was 1.2, 95% CI: 0.57-2.58 when using dichotomised respiratory severity
levels and upper versus lower nicotine quartile levels. In an ordinal logistic regression model,
the OR of more severe illness being associated with higher nicotine levels was 1.07 (95% CI: 0.92-1.25).
When analysis was limited to the more severe cases, the OR of the least severe category compared to the
most severe category, in relation to nicotine levels in hair, was 1.79 (95% CI: 0.5-6.30). The ordinal logistic
regression of this group of severely-ill children (OR 1.1 (95% CI: 0.94-1.29) was not substantially different
from the overall study subjects. Conclusion: In general, children with more severe illness tended to
have higher levels of nicotine in their hair, although the results were within the limit of chance. Possible
explanations of our results include environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) being an initiator of ALRI rather
than a risk to severity, exposure levels of ETS were too low to demonstrate an effect on severity, or the
power of this study was not high enough to detect an association.
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Hair nicotine at 15 months old, tobacco exposure and wheeze or asthma from 15 months to 6 years old Philip K. Pattemore, Karen M. Silvers, Chris M. Frampton, Kristin Wickens, Tristram Ingham, David Fishwick, Julian Crane, G. Ian Town, Michael J. Epton Pediatric Pulmonology
Use of electronic nicotine delivery systems by pregnant
women II: Hair biomarkers for exposures to nicotine and
tobacco-specific nitrosamines Melissa Clemens, Victor Cardenas, Lori Fischbach, Ruiqi Cen, Eric Siegel, Hari Eswaran, Uwemedimbuk Ekanem, Anuradha Policherla, Heather Moody, Everett Magann, Gunnar Boysen Tobacco Induced Diseases
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