BACKGROUND: Brazil is the third-largest tobacco producer in the world, involving more than 130,000 farming families. After ratifying the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) in 2005, the country established the National Program for Diversification in Tobacco-Growing Areas (PNDACT). This program aimed to provide sustainable economic alternatives to tobacco-growing families through the integration of public policies and, primarily, technical assistance and rural extension. This study analyzes the results achieved and the challenges faced by PNDACT.
METHODS: The methodology included a document analysis of reports, databases, and other public materials related to the program, as well as participant observation in events and thematic meetings.
RESULTS: Between 2006 and 2020, PNDACT benefited approximately 11,000 families, encouraging the transition to diversified and sustainable production systems. Notable progress was observed in crop diversification, food security, and the social organization of the supported communities. Specific initiatives, such as the recovery of heritage seeds, the implementation of agroforestry systems, and the inclusion of family farmers in institutional markets, exemplify the program’s positive impacts. Integration with the National School Feeding Program and the Food Acquisition Program was particularly significant. However, political changes starting in 2016 led to the discontinuation of PNDACT, resulting in budget cuts that culminated in the complete halt of activities in 2021.
CONCLUSIONS: The program demonstrated its potential as a public policy to promote economic diversification in areas dependent on tobacco cultivation, although challenges related to continuity and funding remain. The Brazilian government’s indication of restarting the program in 2024/2025 presents an opportunity for revitalization. However, the challenge of effective integration with food security and family farming policies persists. The Brazilian experience highlights the importance of articulated and sustainable policies for economic transition, aligned with the goals of the WHO FCTC.