BACKGROUND AND IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES: Bangladesh’s tobacco control law (TCL) mandates smoke-free public spaces, including transportation systems. Despite regulatory frameworks, implementation has faced considerable challenges. Resistance from tobacco users, non-compliance by the tobacco industry, and weak coordination among stakeholders have impeded progress. Furthermore, tobacco control activities lack proper enforcement mechanisms. The Deputy Commissioner’s office is the sole authority permitted to operate mobile courts, often influenced by NGOs with limited capacity. Authorized officers lack clear directives, and police authorities are not empowered to impose fines in public spaces or transport. While institutions like the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) and Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority (BIWTA) are authorized to enforce mobile courts, they rarely execute fines for violations. Addressing this enforcement gap is vital for effective tobacco control.
INTERVENTION OR RESPONSE: Since 2020, the Development Activities of Society (DAS) has implemented a multifaceted intervention to promote tobacco control in public transport. Key actions included conducting baseline surveys, stakeholder mapping, and tailored training for transport staff. DAS engaged in one-on-one advocacy with policymakers, distributed Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) materials, and conducted capacity-building workshops for transport owners, staff, and union leaders. Vigilance teams were established at terminals, and mobile courts were mobilized to enforce TCL.
RESULTS AND IMPACT: DAS initiatives have activated compliance strategies among some authorities. Traffic police have begun fining individuals for smoking in public transport, while BRTA has enforced fines and mandated "No Smoking" stickers in vehicles. BRTC declared its fleet smoke-free, and DTCA required no-smoking signage. MoS and BIWTA banned tobacco product sales at ferry terminals. BMET introduced awareness campaigns and recognized contributions through awards.
CONCLUSIONS: Empowering authorized officers and ensuring enforcement by relevant authorities are essential for long-term compliance and creating smoke-free public transportation in Bangladesh.