BACKGROUND: E-cigarettes have been banned in India since 2019, however it has been pitched as an alternative to traditional smoking, particularly among youth, by the tobacco industry, promoting them as products with reduced harm and social acceptance. Despite the ban, research highlights, significant disparities in awareness, accessibility, and usage of e-cigarettes among youth. Understanding these patterns is crucial for developing targeted public health interventions and enforcement of the law in Rajasthan.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 386 youth aged 15-24 in Rajasthan, India, using a stratified random sampling method during July 2024. The sample included 100 urban and 286 rural participants. Data collection was carried out through a structured questionnaire covering demographics, e-cigarette awareness, accessibility, and usage patterns. The questionnaire was pre-tested for reliability and validity before administration.
Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to compare urban-rural differences, identify key behavioural patterns and influencing factors. Chi-square tests and t-tests were used to assess statistical significance.
RESULTS: The study highlighted disparities in e-cigarette awareness, accessibility, and usage between urban and rural youth. Urban youth showed higher awareness (48% vs. 15%) and accessibility (58% vs. 26%) compared to rural counterparts. Social media was the primary information source for urban youth (73%), while rural youth relied on family and friends (81%). Usage rates were slightly higher in urban areas (46% vs. 40%), driven by peer pressure and flavor variety. The average age of first use was 18.35 years for urban youth and 17.28 years for rural youth.
CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals rising e-cigarette use among Rajasthan's youth, with urban youth showing greater awareness and access. Peer pressure and social media play significant roles in usage patterns. Targeted public health interventions, stricter implementation of the ban, and awareness campaigns are essential to curb e-cigarette use and mitigate associated health risks among young individuals.