Trends in smoking prevalence in South Africa for 1998 - 2014 - overcoming the challenge of multiple data sources
 
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1
South Africa Medical Research Council, Biostatistics Unit, South Africa
 
2
South Africa Medical Research Council, Burden of Disease Research Unit, South Africa
 
 
Publication date: 2018-03-01
 
 
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2018;16(Suppl 1):A780
 
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KEYWORDS
WCTOH
 
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Background:
Monitoring prevalence of smoking is essential for evaluating the impact of national tobacco control policies. This study aims to estimate national pooled smoking prevalence trends over a 16 year period for adult South Africans.

Methods:
Smoking prevalence by age, sex and race from 14 South African population and national household surveys conducted between 1998 - 2014 were used to generate trends over time by
1) performing a series of transformations of the aggregated prevalence data,
2) investigating interactions with race/time, and
3) using a posthumous regression. Bias within surveys were adjusted for by using a risk-of-bias weight.

Results:
The overall observed smoking prevalence decreased from 23.7 (22.4; 24.9) in 1998 to 20.3 (19.3; 21.4) in 2014. Downward trends were observed in both males and females, although it was steeper in males. There were significant differences between race groups, as well as within race groups across age, most notably Asian males, which also seemed to drive the steep decline among males. Whilst the downward trend was evident in older ages (25 + years), the youngest group (15 - 24 years) had a non-linear trend differing from the linear trend in the older group.

Conclusions:
Pooling estimates from different national surveys over time, gave an effective picture of trends in smoking in South Africa. Although not directly observable, the trends reported indicate that the South African Tobacco Control Act of 1993 had influenced and maintained decreasing smoking trends in the last couple of decades, albeit to a lesser extent among females.

 
CITATIONS (2):
1.
Estimating the changing disease burden attributable to smoking in South Africa for 2000, 2006 and 2012
P Groenewald, R Pacella, F Sitas, O Awotiwon, N Vellios, Rensburg Van, S Manda, R Laubscher, B Nojilana, J Joubert, D Labadarios, L Ayo-Yusuf, R Roomaney, E Turawa, I Neethling, N Abdelatif, Wyk Pillay-van, D Bradshaw
South African Medical Journal
 
2.
Drivers of sex differences in the South African adult tuberculosis incidence and mortality trends, 1990–2019
Mmamapudi Kubjane, Morna Cornell, Muhammad Osman, Andrew Boulle, Leigh Johnson
Scientific Reports
 
eISSN:1617-9625
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