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RESEARCH PAPER
Smoking Status and Metabolic Syndrome in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. A cross-sectional study
1
Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université P.
& M. Curie, Faculté de médecine, Paris, France
2
Center for
Family and Community Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
3
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
4
Wake
Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Submission date: 2012-03-30
Acceptance date: 2012-06-09
Publication date: 2012-06-20
Corresponding author
Ivan Berlin
Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université P. & M. Curie, Faculté de médecine, INSERM 894, Paris, France
Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université P. & M. Curie, Faculté de médecine, INSERM 894, Paris, France
Tobacco Induced Diseases 2012;10(June):9
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Background:
Current smoking is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance but its association with the metabolic syndrome (metS), particularly with sufficiently sampled African American representation, has not been clearly established.
Objective:
To assess whether a) metS is associated with smoking; b) any increased risk of metS among smokers is independent of body mass index (BMI) compared with non-smokers; c) smoking status is differentially associated with the metS and its components across different ethnic groups.
Methods:
Cross sectional analysis of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) a community populationbased sample free of cardiovascular disease.
Results:
Current smokers (N = 769) had higher risk of metS (odds ratio [OR, 95% confidence interval]: 1.4, 1.1-1.7) versus never (reference, N = 2981) and former smokers (1.0, 0.8-1.1, N = 2163) and for metS components: high waist circumference (WC) (OR:1.9, 1.2-2.1), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (1.5, 1.3-1.8), elevated plasma triglycerides (TG) (OR:1.4, 1.2-1.7) as well as high C-reactive protein (CRP, an inflammatory marker) concentration (OR: 1.6,1.3-2.0) compared to never and former smokers after adjustment for BMI. A smoking status by ethnicity interaction occurred such that African American current and former smokers had greater likelihood of low HDL-C than White counterparts.
Conclusions:
This study found that smoking is associated with the metS and despite the lower BMI of current smokers the prevalence of low HDL-C, elevated TG and CRP is higher among them than among non-smokers. African Americans generally have higher HDL-C than Whites but smoking wipes out this advantage. Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00005487
Current smoking is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance but its association with the metabolic syndrome (metS), particularly with sufficiently sampled African American representation, has not been clearly established.
Objective:
To assess whether a) metS is associated with smoking; b) any increased risk of metS among smokers is independent of body mass index (BMI) compared with non-smokers; c) smoking status is differentially associated with the metS and its components across different ethnic groups.
Methods:
Cross sectional analysis of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) a community populationbased sample free of cardiovascular disease.
Results:
Current smokers (N = 769) had higher risk of metS (odds ratio [OR, 95% confidence interval]: 1.4, 1.1-1.7) versus never (reference, N = 2981) and former smokers (1.0, 0.8-1.1, N = 2163) and for metS components: high waist circumference (WC) (OR:1.9, 1.2-2.1), low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (1.5, 1.3-1.8), elevated plasma triglycerides (TG) (OR:1.4, 1.2-1.7) as well as high C-reactive protein (CRP, an inflammatory marker) concentration (OR: 1.6,1.3-2.0) compared to never and former smokers after adjustment for BMI. A smoking status by ethnicity interaction occurred such that African American current and former smokers had greater likelihood of low HDL-C than White counterparts.
Conclusions:
This study found that smoking is associated with the metS and despite the lower BMI of current smokers the prevalence of low HDL-C, elevated TG and CRP is higher among them than among non-smokers. African Americans generally have higher HDL-C than Whites but smoking wipes out this advantage. Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00005487
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