RESEARCH PAPER
Menthol tobacco use is correlated with mental health symptoms in a national sample of young adults: implications for future health risks and policy recommendations
 
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1
The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Truth Initiative, Washington, USA
 
2
Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, USA
 
3
Department of Evaluation Science and Research, Truth Initiative, Washington, USA
 
4
Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
 
 
Submission date: 2015-08-11
 
 
Acceptance date: 2015-12-18
 
 
Publication date: 2016-01-08
 
 
Corresponding author
Amy M. Cohn   

The Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies at Truth Initiative, 900 G Street, NW, Fourth Floor, Washington, DC 20001, USA
 
 
Tobacco Induced Diseases 2016;14(January):1
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Background:
Depression and anxiety are correlated with greater nicotine dependence, smoking persistence, and relapse back to smoking after a quit attempt. Menthol cigarette smoking, which is prevalent in young adults, is associated with nicotine dependence, progression to regular smoking, and worse cessation outcomes than non-menthol smoking. Few have established a link between menthol tobacco use, beyond just smoking, with mental health in this high-risk age group. This study examined the association of menthol tobacco use to anxiety and depression in a national sample of young adults.

Methods:
Data were from Waves 1 through 7 (n = 9720, weighted) of the Truth Initiative Young Adult Cohort, a national sample of men and women aged 18 to 34 assessed every 6-months. Demographics, past 30-day use of non-menthol and menthol tobacco products, and current alcohol, marijuana, and other drug use were assessed among those with depression and anxiety.

Results:
Thirty nine percent of current tobacco users used menthol as their preferred brand. Using a cross-sectional analysis (collapsed across waves), past 30-day menthol tobacco was uniquely associated with greater odds of both depression and anxiety, beyond the effects of demographic and substance correlates and non-menthol tobacco product use.

Conclusions:
Menthol is disproportionately used among young adults tobacco users with mental health problems, above and beyond the impact of a variety of other mental health and tobacco use risk factors. Findings suggest a strong link between menthol tobacco use and poor health outcomes. Policies should be developed to deter menthol tobacco use in vulnerable groups.

 
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